Quantitative Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Quantitative Analysis - Assignment Example The study aims at both determining the effects of poverty on children’s psychology and how the effects subsequently influence different behaviours as well as to determine effects of a chaotic environment on children’s cortisol. This study involves families of children less than four years old selected from two geographical regions that report high poverty rates and which are Eastern North Carolina and Central Pennsylvania. A sample of 1292 children and families who live in the geographical areas are selected by the researchers for this study (p. 2669). Participants are carefully selected from disadvantaged families and sample selection is carried out over a twelve months period so as to ensure selection of a highly representative sample that improves the quality of the research findings, 51% of the children are male and 43% of the sampled children are African American (Blair et. all, 2013 p. 2669). Income-to-need ration is used to measure the levels of poverty for the different families that are used in this study which is calculated during every visit and a ratio of 1 or less than 1 qualifies a family for this study while Chaos in the household are measured using the number of changes in the primary and secondary caregiver, the number of people in the household as well as the number of moves in the house. All these are weighted to give an aggregate of the level of disorganization and chaos in the household by measuring the child’s behaviour and temperaments using a predetermined scale with scales from 1-10 (p 2669) included in the question that the child’s parent fills during every visit by the researchers. The child’s intelligence is measured using a predetermined formula foe intelligence quotient, which is important in determining the child’s cognitive abilities. However, this questionnaire on the child’s intelligence is administered when the child is thirty six months old. All

The Business Plan Of 643744 Company

The Business Plan Of 643744 Company This business plan provides to shareholders and customers an analysis and evaluation of the prospective marketing capability, product capability, and profitability of small computer industry-643744 Company in three years by running business simulation SimVenture. 643744 Company designs products, and sales superior computers, focusing on the professional services customers. Based on the investigation of resources, strengths, and capabilities competitive, customer, and environmental issues, company establishes their vision, mission, and achieving goals over three financial years. The companys vision is Walking in the forefront of times. The mission and goals have been represented in table 1. Currently, the basic salary of the owner is planned  £1500 per month. Table : The Companys mission and goals in following 3 years Year Mission Goals 1st Year Our products must be: Sophisticated in quality Offer good value Beautiful artistic style, and Philosophically inspiring Our role is to play a vigorous part in markets. We can improve people lives to be happier and effective through their use of our products. Devising the idea design to meet customers needs Accomplishing above 50 orders 300 products 2nd year To be the No.1 computer service company in the world and among the premier industrial concerns in terms of quality, profitability and growth, through innovative leadership. Enlarge its markets Accomplishing 100 orders 1000 products 3rdYear To be the preeminent building block supplier to the worldwide electronics business. Achieving 150 orders monthly 1500 products Targeting global markets 643744 Company followed the strategic planning process (Ferrell Hartline, 2011:32), which was separated into 4 sections. It focuses on integration of effort to achieving operation, sales and marketing, human resource (HR), and finance stated objective (Ferrell Hartline, 2011:39). In the sales and marketing section, it analyses the market prospect though marketing research and customer research. Then it provides marketing strategy and risk management plan, dealing with marketing promotion via advertising channels to achieve customer needs and build customer values. In operation, it involves in the strategy of the Supply chain management (SCM), the Just-in-time (JIT) inventory control, and outsourcing management. In HRM, it focuses on employee recruitment, training and evaluation. Functional strategy aims to meet companys mission, goals and objectives. It also evaluates the effort on organizations sales, costs, image, and profitability. Finally, the business plan explains financial r isks management, and reveals the cashflow and the profit and loss forecasts over three years. This program conducted has limitations on that the business will not be registered for VAT in software SimVenture calculation. Sales marketing Marketing research Via a range of Ad hoc research (Jobber Fahy, 2009:85), company targeted at professional services market. According to the market report (Figure 12 in appendix), by contrast with other 5 segments, the professional services have 2415 market shares with 24 months order frequency. It has to succeed by good quality, good style, and above javerage features. Thus, the fixed cost can be generally calculated in  £450 per unit. It has more potential interests under the typical price than solo business and service companies. Competitor research 643744 Companys competitive strategy focuses on new product developing strategy to be a low-cost manufacturer and improve the cost-effectiveness of production process (Czinkota, 2000:268-269). According to the competition research and analysis (Figure 13 and table 19 in appendix), companys competitor, Parry systems, is a medium size maker of fashionable computers in professional services market. In the company competitive strategy, firstly, managers can influences on consumer behavior in buying situation by affording information-rich communication through advertising and the sales forces (Fill McKee, 2012:75-79). Thus, company supports marketing promotions applying institutional and product advertising (Ferrell Hartline, 2011:299), via different channels. Additionally, though the Voice of customer (VOC), company can offer marketing programs to raise customer satisfaction and create long-term reputation (Ferrell Hartline, 2011:354). Czinkota (2000:104) commented that a successful c ompany should focus on the differentiation of chief players in the marketplace, which will react to the companys changes in business tactic, rather than customers reactions on new product or business strategy. Sales and marketing strategy On the marketing promotion strategy, The 643744 Company performed in transation market, personal selling, and distributor sales channels, taking suggestion from Jobber and Fahys theory (2009:230). It explains that the consumer and trade promotion could be considered through those 11 approaches (Figure 1), including price discounts, premiums, money off, allowances, free goods, and loyalty cards etc. Figure : Consumer and Trade promotion (Sources: Jobber Fahy, 2009:230) In the pricing strategy, the price changes and setting might occur over the products life cycle (PLC) (Ferrell Hartline, 2011: 239), which is also influenced by costs, competitions and marketing (Hobber Fahy, 2009:194). Homozi (et al., 2002:755) believes the most central point is where the pricing strategy realistically places the business in comparison to the competition. Based on the monthly customer research and break-even analysis, company apply the price penetration strategy (Czinkota 2000:513), and pricing promotion strategies. However, the strategy is a continuous process rather than a single event (Pollard and Hotho, 2006). The further information is illustrated in the table 2: Table : marketing promotion planned strategy The 643744 Company focuses on the international market in the future, which is the most effective management of B2B operations (Lages, Abrantes, Lages, 2008, cited in Sharland, 2001; Katsikeas, 2006). However, this is remarkable considering that although small business is not able to compete on price with large international companies (Lages, Abrantes Lages, 2008). Day (1984:102-103) recommends, management general strategies could be considered by increasing sales volume, or improved productivity or margins (Figure 2). Nevertheless, it is difficult to evaluate the factual scanty order and insufficient profitability in marketing strategy. Customer satisfaction depends on their exceed expectation, which is created by pre-buying experiences and discussion with other customers (Jobber Fahy, 2009:6). Therefore, strategically, the product design is the key to entry into professional service market, which can be succeeded in minimum two months. Then managers need to improve their product design by monthly customer research, due to the PLC theory (Fill McKee, 2012:44). Additionally, Company determines to contract out automatically by normal quality within 5 minutes on testing to prevent faulty products and build business reputation. Purchasing A successful supply chain management (SCM) can fetch competitive advantage and better margins (Fill McKee, 2012:182). Company selects ProSupply supplier with more flexible payment terms, which has been considered its insufficient order quantity at introduction stage of the PLC. As the marketing expanded, suppliers could be changed to Sourceline or MegaParts with more discounts (Planed in the table 4). One of SCM risk is the approach of cooperation with upstream associates to obtain efficient and effective supply of materials ¼Ã‹â€ Guido et al., 2008 ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °. Nevertheless, Fill and McKee (2012:182) believe that a penny saved here becomes millions saved there. The company relocates working place started into a Small Business Centre that provides partial units, beneficially for new business, and cheaper than other commercial premises. Due to the limitation of Small Business Centre, in the latter two years, managers will rearrange the office into a retail unit. The table 5 represents the detail with calculation. The started-up office resources (Table 6) are one standard office equipment and two premium tools. Having a car can be considered in the third year. In the later two years, the double quantities in each will be required at the end. People The company selected the hard and soft model of human resource management (HRM) that integrates hard and soft HR performance. Price (2011:548, cited in Storey, 1989) believes that People are led rather than managedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦involved in determining and realizing strategic objectives Basic on the initial information of staff skills, business owner required more capabilities training on research, marketing, and sales, etc. it will be improved efficiently by training centre course. The working time will be under 60 hours per week. On the other hand, Setting-up a limited company in law is essential before the business owner goes full-time, which intends to implement after the first year. For the future business expansion, employment contract is required and employees are under controlled in 5 members. Creating statutory contacts with customers is obligatory at the beginning. Finance Forecasting Amir (et al, 2002) argues the lack of liquidity is the greatest threats to start-up business. Cashflow can help businessmen ensure when extra cash requires and plan accordingly. The company has capital  £10,000 in bank balance for starting business. The three-year cashflow forecast and the Profit and loss forecast have described in appendix 2, in the which, the predictive profit is  £311,182 over three years. Additionally, it is essential to prepare a contingency plan (presented in table 7). Through the process of contingency plan, dealing with the immediate consequences of the potential severity is to compensate for the changes, and shift to the minimized impact on the businesses viability. Table : Contingency plan of financial risks (Source: Author) Potential severity Solution Sales are less than forecasted Increasing marketing promotion To do more advertise or personal sales Reduce price Start-up finance takes three months longer to obtain Increasing working hours Using professional Consultant Liabilities, financial crisis in the short term Borrow money from the bank, around  £5,000- £10,000 for 6 months Money required to expand business Borrow money from friends family with lower interest rate in long-term Cash flow interrupted Raising money from banks or friends in a short term The limitation in this business plan is no registered for VAT in software SimVenture. Company decides do bookkeeping in-house to saves cost. Company credit control is under 30 days for deports. If customers credits are overdue one or two months, managers will make a phone call first; if it is overdue three months, company will utilize legal threat in the county court. REFLECTIONS ON THE BUSINESS PLAN Through creating the business plan, I learnt and understood three core points during the process of project. It has been explained in this business plan reflection. Initially, I understand that everything has been relative through the approach of functional strategy (Kazmi, 2008:435) in the business plan. Any analysis could not be totally separated into specific objective during considering of all information. For me, the first significant experience was to learn the way of consideration from the overall point of view. Previously, I thought the plan could be distinct from marketing, operation, HRM and finance aspects, same as their subordinate factors. Later, I noticed that, in operation section, I had to ensure the product design and how many components required. Then I can select SCM strategy, improving productivity, and setting price based on gross margin according to the fixed cost. I realised all elements were strongly associated by business activities. Having reading extra references (Quran: Surah Al Hajj, verse 22:76), now I believe that everything happens for a strong connection and for a reason. Additionally, I have learnt that nothing can be absolutely identified as good or bad. Daft (2012:191) recommends the advantage of start-up business is that entrepreneurs are able to create and grow the business in their own way. It is similar as traditional Chinese medicine. One herb can save peoples life, also can be poison capturing their life, which depends on the approach of using it. This understanding is essential to me as a practitioner. As a next step, I need to arrange my planning structure more strategically and comprehensively. Secondly, several of information could not be predictive in the business plan due to the special marketing period and the PLC and timelessness. As stated by Romano and Ratnatunga (1995), small and emerging firms face marketing critical issues for their survival and growth. For me, the meaningful aspect is the awareness to economic issues in the world and the PLC period in the market. In the Simventure, it does not need to consider the real global environment, at the same time, managers not need to care about more than one competitor. Although, the simulate system makes the process of business plan become easier, in the real world, those aspects can become core issues and hard, especially when the company attempts to expand global markets. However, I am conscious of the marketing information and products analysis has timeliness, which has been strongly related with global economic events. Nowak and Washburn (1988) also prove that timeliness is one of core elements focused by marketing research clients. Therefore, in the next time, I need to do more researches and consider about business environments by timeliness in the real business world. For me, the most meaningful experiences are the self-education that, as a top manager, to put all the information together, and maintain a big picture view while concurrently keeping an eye on the details (Ferrell Hartline, 2011:256). Previously, I read various theories and references based on trail Simventure. It covers the knowledge about marketing management, human resource management, financial management, international management, and management process, etc. Subsequently, the crucial information are selected and organized. Therefore, I understand, the process of doing assignment has specific procedures. Firstly, it needed to unearth modules of process, and determine the objective, mission and goals. Next, I identified core issues by functional objectives. To the question, I went to research required references and resources, providing constructive business plan. Finally, I will evaluate and prove decision-making strategies in management reports. Equally, this could be related to all project processes, not only in the business area. For example, when I map out any new field, I can go through the process with to identify goals, outline the targeting vital objectives in new field, and then to evaluation outcomes. Having this project, I found the key to acquiring proficiency in any task is the way how to study, in which, more is self-educated with unforgettable experiences. In the next project, I need to balance the macroscopic and microcosmic views with a lucid outline. Overall, I reflected three central points of building business plan. Firstly, all objectives have a relative connection by reasons, which could not be clearly separated. Secondly, business strategies and implementation have timeliness in the entire process. Finally, self-education is the key to open every field, which also require maintaining a big view with an eye in detail. THE MANAGEMENT ANNUAL REPORT OF 643744 COMPANY Executive summary 643744 Company is committed to operating computer business in the world widely, focusing on products design and production in professional services marketing. It has been established since January 2013 for three years, with capital  £10,000. Companys vision is Walking in the forefront of the times. 643744 Company aims to be a preeminent building block supplier of fashionable computer in the global market. Managers set up their mission and long-term goals for three years running business, aiming to improve innovative products and services, stepwise achieve profitable growth (Reading, 2002:360). Generally, the main achievement of 643744 Company is by product design, marketing promotion and business forecast, which follows JIT management process theory. In finance, at the end of 2015, the company has value  £1,469,003.6177, net profit  £21,925.8363, current liability  £112,245, and no long-term liability. Moreover, 643744 Company was invested by grants for  £1000 on employees training and research. By financial analysis of 643744 Company, in 2015, its ratio of ROCE (Return on Capital Employed) has achieved 59%, therein  £167,671 current assets, and  £282,562 current liabilities. Its current ratio, for measuring liquidity of company, is 3.43. The asset turnover, for measuring utilization of companys assets, is 3.51. In sales and marketing, 643744 Company applied marketing strategies (Ferrell Hartline, 2011) and international management theory (Deresky, 2010), with various marketing promotion and sales channels, resulted in brilliant corporate reputation in the international marketing. Over three years, the total investment of marketing advertising is  £47,175, including newspaper, TV or radio, direct marketing, the public relations building, business club, premium websites, exhibition, and relative premises. It goes via different sales channels, containing traditional sales, personal selling, and distributor sales. However, the company won a wonderful reputation by prestigious advertising. Through three years, 643744 Company sold approximately 3400 items, which has exceeded 1000 units than business pervious plan. In operation, in 2013, 643744 Company applied operational management strategy (Brown, et al., 2005:67), involving in SCM, JIT, PLC theories. According monthly customer research, this suitable design keeps meeting customers needs, and no need to reset. The fantastic products of professional serves completes with 79% quality, 47% performance, 79% features, and 97% style. It totally requires with 65 components. Additionally, the company offered excellent reasonable price with 30 day credits, and discount pricing promotion, which is based on Jobber Fahy (2009:204) pricing strategies. It is satisfied by customers as well. In organization, during those three years, the organization of 643744 Company expanded maturely, which followed organizational management strategies (Daft, 2012). At the end of 2015, the company had three workers, except business owner, Ian and Mark. Business owner went to full-time job in 2013. Additionally, the companys premise started at a small business centre, then changed to retail unit and the business park. Overall, 643744 Company managers realized several issue about the company premises arrangement, financial cashflow risk management, marketing promotion selection and implementation. Firstly, it is difficult to calculate the utilizing space of premises for running long-term business, due to unexpected growth of product sales in a started-up business. Additionally, credit control is a key factor in finance for a successful small company, which related its monthly cashflow and bank balance. The shortage of cash influences on SCM, resulted in stopping components delivery. Otherwise, the company will lose all of orders and customers in next month. Especially, once the company entre into globalization, it will be more difficult to collect debts. Finally, the marketing promotion has plenty of methods. Not all of them fit professional service, which needs to be measured and researched by managers experience in marketing. Eventually, even though, in the simulated Simventure, this company not needs to be registered for VAT, in real world which has to be forecasted. It is significantly important in the international business, particularly on export products and import components. The first year management annual report Business details The 643744 Company Inc. is a small new company, providing computer design and production in the world widely. In the 2013 financial year, it achieved profits with  £2,661 by  £10,000 capital. Companys mission and goals: Mission: Companys products must be sophisticated in quality, offer good value, beautiful artistic style, and philosophically inspiring. As a vigorous part in the market, company has capability improve people lives through their use of companys products. Goals: Company devises the idea design to meet customers needs and compete with competitors, And accomplishing 50 orders and 300 products of product at end of year. Key staff members Company owner goes full time in September 2013, at the end with  £1,300 on salary. Sales and Marketing During running the business of 643744 Company in the 1st year, the core issue involved in the sales that did not catch the predicted value and delayed the business planning goals. Additionally, the scenarios of the business was making business managers concerned, which increased their stress level and declined the efficiency of organizational work. This was caused by business performance instability that presented in the lack of order and sale. This problem threatened the companys reputation that is the most valuable assets for a film (Haywood, 2002:112). However, the company decided to implement marketing strategy, as below, for enhancing the sales and orders to meet the planning profit. The certain solution of symptom has two approaches. These are basic on the marketing strategy Days theory (1984:102-103) in business plan (Figure 2). Internally, managers were constantly in a state of training, with no knowledge where it should be heading (It has been explained more in the organization section). Externally, the promotional and marketing research activities were developed, in order to achieve the sales quantity in short-term and long-term. This view was supported by Rowley (1998:383, cited in Mercer, 1996: 309): The ideal form of promotion is the conversation, which takes places between the expert sales professional and his or her customer. It is interactive and conversation is specific to the needs of both. Other forms of promotion, which deal in the average needs of groups of people can only hope to approximate to this ideal. Firstly, managers applied various marketing promotion to advert its products, and build companys reputation. It followed the previous business plan. Rowley (1988:384) suggests the tool of promotion mix can be advertising, direct marketing, sales promotion, personal selling, and sponsorship, which could be combinative or individually utilized. It had been applied in the first year and represented in the table 9. Through the implementation of marketing promotions, company realized the direct marketing was not effective as in the supported theory. Jobber Fahy (2009:255) claimed unlike many other forms of communication, direct marketing usually requires an immediate response. Unfortunately, due to the result in 2013, the 5 months promotion on direct marketing did not bring plentiful customers to the firm. It was proved by monthly customer research. The reason behind of it could be the organization of company was not mature enough. The total cost nearly caught the marketing promotion budget in table 3. Second one is the implement of pricing rise or fall strategy (Jobber Fahy, 2009:204) in pricing promotion. Since May 2013, company had set price at  £670 per unit with 3% discount for 3 month. Strategically, company still had  £162 interest per unit. Consequently, the number of order quantity (Finger 3) rose from 2 orders in April to 12 orders in May. Substantially, the sales were continuing growth up. Figure : The order quantity in the first year Operation In the first year, 643744 Company implemented the product design after 4 months researching and designing. The product had 79% quality, 47% performance, 79% features, and 97% style in 65 components, which had better design than in the business plan (Table 3), represented in figure 4. The Component was purchased from ProSupply by  £7.50 per item as planning. Figure : Product design comparing with competitor and panned design In SCM, company decided retaining the current supplier rather than changing another supplier right now with more discounts. The reason behind of it was the payment to supplier. Company could not pay off all of credits by 30 days, due to without enough liquidity. This potential financial risk leads to the increasing fixed cost of production. However, the operation management planned to improve it in the next year. Organization Since in February 2013, 643744 Company had relocated at Small Business Centre ( £15 per sq ft) with 300 sq ft for one year, and fortified office resources as planned in table 5. The only issue in organization was the requirement of developing office recourses and employment in organization. It was causes of the limitation on the working time and the shortage of production equipment and tools. Consequently, the productivity and working effectiveness had been impacted, as well as the tiredness of employee. However, the Company followed in the business plan, applying hard HRM model into organization. After managers solved out the limitation of company set-up, customer and employment contracts, business owner went full-time work in September. Bratton Gold (2007: 324) argues many firms neglect Human resource development (HRD), as a central, other than to keep production in shape. Thus, the vocational training was required instantly on marketing, production, sales, and research, which had implemented by  £500 training grant supported. It enhanced productivity and proved by working effectiveness in the Simventure. However, the Company plans to recruit 2 more employees in the following financial years. Finance 643744 Company had been facing a potential liquidity issue on finance in the first year. According to the first year annual report (Table 20), too lower sales and massive debtors restrained the companys cashflow, as described by Fiedler, Brown Moloney (2002:40) in the finger 5. Thus, the money of paying purchasing was limited, which impacted on operation strategy and companys profitability. Figure : The overlap of market, credit and liquidity risk (Source: Fiedler, Brown Moloney, 2002:40) For this financial crisis, the company decided to develop marketing capability and credit control, rather than increasing long-term liabilities. Due to the low profitability monthly, additional long-term liabilities only would lead company into stressed market conditions. However, the credit control has been set up, as in the business plan finance section. Consequently, the current liability was  £38,524.575 2013 with 237sales quantity, and  £2660.9687 net profit at the end of December. On the other hand, Company obtained  £500 grant on Training by this year. Managers selected to do bookkeeping in-house. The second year management annual report Business details The 643744 Company was committed to technologies and products that focused on Professional Services selling field. It united the goals of customer value with sustainable development in the world widely. In the 2014 financial year, the company had achieved  £751,628 on sales. Companys goals were to enlarge its markets, and accomplished 100 orders and 1000 products at end of year. Key staff members Company owners salary was  £1,300. In April 2014, the company employed one staff-Ian for  £14500 per year, with 40 per week working hours, and 4 weeks holiday per year. Sales and Marketing In 2014, 643744 Company aimed to expand its markets and increase their regular sales to 1000, as described in the business plan to prepare into international market. According to the last year reserved profits, it was necessary to attract more loyal customers and enlarge the profitability substantially, in order to avoid raising credit risk and decreasing portfolio values (Fiedler, Brown Moloney, 2002:38). In this case, the price discount and money off could be applied into Simventure. The company decided to develop sales strategy promotion and advertising strategy to boost sales over the short term (Gabriel, Kottasz Bennett, 2006:506). The first solution is managing price by using promotional discounting tactics. Since January until March 2014, the company had set price promotion with 3% discount on  £670 per unit for three months. According to the break-even analysis, the company could obtain net interests  £162 per unit. As a result, during those three months, the number of sales had notably boosted to above 90 orders. Moreover, the planned price penetration strategy was unsuitable at this year growth stage in PLC. Strategically, managers applied competitor-orientated pricing strategy (Jobber Fahy, 2009:196) to change base price to  £680 and provided 2% discount, which retrained for 4 months from April. Particularly, after the company changed to SourceLine supplier, the interest can reach to  £240 per unit. Consequently, the sales order reserved to 105 units in July 2014. The order quantity (Figure 6) proved that the price strategy was effective. Figure : The order quantity in the second year Secondly, the company decided to improve marketing strategy. The Company desired to enhance the visibility and good corporate reputation in a new era of computer marketing. According to the sample survey of customer research, managers analysed the efficiency of all marketing promotion methods, resulted as Figure 7. Thus, the Company directly focused on adverts promotion and premium website rather than direct marketingthat parts budget moved to advertising as well. Figure : The analysis of marketing promotion in the first year and second year Obviously, advertising promotion had more efficiency in figure 7. Hackley (2005:84) recommend advertising can swiftly build the awareness of audience. As stated by Levinson (2007:175), most small business owner never ever consider advertising on magazines, due to the lack knowledge of regional editions, remnant space, in-house agency discount etc. By provided information of advertising in the Figure 8, trade magazine had high effectiveness. Thus, the Company decided to spend more on trade magazine with  £8,400. Figure : The advertising efficiency of Professional services In this year, the company had invested  £14,110 on marketing promotion overall, which was in excess of the promotion budget around  £2,000, listed in table 3: However, those sales and marketing promotion leaded the company increase the sales. At the end of this year, the company has sold out 1127 items totally, and achieved more than 130 orders monthly. Operation 643744 Company aimed to develop SCM with JIT management process for controlling liquidity risks. In the Ap

Book Review On Grapes Of Wrath :: essays research papers

A Critical Review of: John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath John Steinbeck wrote this book in the hopes that people would be able to see what was happening to our nation’s people. He wanted to open their eyes to see the hardships that migrants faced everyday and he accomplished this through the telling of the Joad’s family story. Starting with the day that their ex-convict son comes home on parole, the lives of the Joad’s never really go back to normal. After being evicted from their property by the bank, the whole family packs up and goes the only way they can…West. Their plight involves beginning a new life by casting away the methods of the past and being able to endure the misfortunes that life throws at them. Of course their progress is hampered by an unreliable truck and by the “quest for the dollar'; that all migrants had. Through their journey to find work and settle down, the Joad’s encounter many calamities that test their relationship as a family and their own limits as individuals. As in real li fe, not everyone succeeds with his or her goals, and this story of hardship is no different. In the beginning of the book we get an early look at Steinbeck’s ideals when Muley Graves says,“…if a fella’s got somepin to eat an’ another fella’s hungry—why, the first fella ain’t got no choice.'; This is something that was very true back in the past and something that most people lived by. Families could not see people starve to death when they had food to eat themselves. Although they might be starting a new life, the ideals don’t change because that is what makes an individual unique. Uncle John Joad said, “Go down an’ tell ‘em. Go down in the street an’ rot an’ tell ‘em that way.'; Steinbeck’s writing style, as always, is rich with colorful language and sensual images. His pages are filled with lines such as, “The dust-filled air muffled sound more completely than fog does,'; and all sorts of literary elements from similes to personifications. There is one thing that a reader will never get with The Grapes of Wrath and that is bored because of how descriptive the settings are. The passages of nature are especially vibrant and it would be those that you could imagine very easily because of the picture he paints. The dialogue of the book is unique in that it is written the way it was spoken in the past.

Writing and Classification Essay Sample

A classification essay is written by classifying the subject or matter into various divisions or categories. The purpose is it organizes ideas into appropriate and constructive categories. Some very good classification essay sample topics would be Music, books, movies, sports, etc. If classification essay sample is, for example, on topic sports then it would look like this 1. Introduction to sports- explain here briefly how you are going to categorize sports. 2. Classification of sports- write here the categories of sports in detail †¢Indoor games 1. Board games 2. Court games 3. Table games †¢Outdoor games . Athletics 2. Team games like football, cricket 3. Individual games like tennis, badminton †¢Summary of sports – end it with a summary on sports This is a short example of how a classification essay should look. †¢Ã¢â‚¬ Americans can be divided into three groups–smokers, nonsmokers and that expanding pack of us who have quit. Those who have neve r smoked don't know what they're missing, but former smokers, ex-smokers, reformed smokers can never forget. We are veterans of a personal war, linked by that watershed experience of ceasing to smoke and by the temptation to have just one more cigarette.For almost all of us ex-smokers, smoking continues to play an important role in our lives. And now that it is being restricted in restaurants around the country and will be banned in almost all indoor public places in New York State starting next month, it is vital that everyone understand the different emotional states cessation of smoking can cause. I have observed four of them; and in the interest of science I have classified them as those of the zealot, the evangelist, the elect and the serene. Each day, each category gains new recruits. â€Å"

Assessing Students’ Attitudes Towards Essay

The potential added value of Web-based learning (or similar designations, such as â€Å"virtual learning†, â€Å"technology-based learning†, or â€Å"online learning†) compared to teacher- and textbook-based instruction lies in helping learners to acquire the right knowledge and skills in order to function as active, self-reflected, and collaborative learners (Govindasamy, 2002; Hamid, 2002). However, this cannot be realized without a change from learning environments in which the teacher and the textbook structure the learning process, towards learning environments in which the students themselves control, under the guidance of the teacher, the order in which they learn and perform activities based on their needs (Erstad, 2006; Wilson, 1998). Web-based learning resources (WBLRs) have the potential to support a learning environment in which students explore knowledge and enhance their learning (Combes ;amp; Valli, 2007). II. The purpose of this study is to assess students’ attitudes towards web-based learning resources. Specifically, the study will assess the (a) differences in attitude change, towards the CCIT class, for students using web-based resources and those using traditional textbooks; (b) differences in attitude change, towards computer technology, for students using web-based resources and those using traditional textbooks and (c) if age, gender, level in college, owning a personal computer, Internet accessibility at home, hours spent on the Internet per day, Internet time used for class work and percentage of project time used on the Internet, were predictors of ttitude . There will be no difference found in change of attitude towards the CCIT students that uses web-based resources and students that used traditional textbooks. 2. The teaching and learning process will be dramatically altered by the convergence of a variety of technological, instructional, and pedagogical developments in recent times. 3. Web-based texts give readers a feeling of engaging in real time, face to face interac tion through use of interactive programs. 4. The web-based texts and other technologies represent an unstoppable technological revolution enabling students to access information rapidly and visually. IV Participants will be the students enrolled in CCIT at ISU Cauayan Campus to assess differences in attitude-change, a pretest- posttest, non-equivalent control group design will be used. ANOVA will be used to assess differences in attitude-change and regression analysis will be used to assess the relationship between demographic variables, computer literacy, and student attitudes.

Steinbeck Essays (951 words) - Dust Bowl, John Steinbeck, Okie

Steinbeck Essays (951 words) - Dust Bowl, John Steinbeck, Okie Steinbeck John Steinbeck A Common Mans Man I never wrote two books alike, once said John Steinbeck (Shaw, 10). That may be true, but I think that he wrote many of his novels and short stories based on many of the same views. He often focused on social problems, like the haves verses the have nots, and made the reader want to encourage the underdog. Steinbecks back ground and concern for the common man made him one of the best writers for human rights. John Steinbeck was born in Salians, California and spent most of his life there or around Salians, because of that he often modeled his stories and the characters around the land he loved and the experiences he encountered. He lived in Salians until 1919, when he left for Stanford University, he only enrolled in the courses that pleased him - literature, creative writing and majoring in Marine Biology. He left in 1925, without a degree. Even though he didnt graduate his books showed the results of his five years spent there. His books display a considerable reading of the Greek and Roman historians, and the medieval and Renaissance fabalists and the biological sciences (Shaw 11). He then moved to New York and tried his hand as a construction worker and as a reporter for the American. (Covici , xxxv). Steinbeck then moved back to California and lived with his wife at Pacific Grove. In 1934, he wrote for the San Franciso News, he was assigned to write several articles about the 3,000 m igrants flooded in at Kings County. The plight of the migrant workers motivated him to help and document their struggle. The money he earned from the newspaper allowed him to travel to their home and see why their reason for leaving and traveled to California with them, sharing in with their hardships (Steinbeck, 127). Because John Steinbeck was able to travel with the Okies, he was able to accurately portray them and their struggles. Each book that he wrote had settings in the places where he has either lived or wanted to live. He presented the land as it was. The characters in his stories experienced floods, drought, and other natural disasters, while in the Salians Valley (Shaw, 5). What Steinbeck wrote was very factual and in depth. He exhibited his awareness of man and his surroundings, in his early books, before people ate, a pig had to be slaughtered, and often that and before they ate, it had to be cooked. Also when a car broke down, the characters had to find parts, and fix ed it themselves (Shaw, 13). Many people consider that John Steinbeck novels are records of social history. His books are the history of plain people and society as a whole, many of his books focused on the Great Depression, Social Prejudice, religion, and the automobile (Rundell, 4). He may be considered as a Sentimentalist, because of his concerns for the common man, human values, for warmth and love and understanding. The social relevance of his writings reveals him as a reformer (Covici, xxii). In his novel The Pastures of Heaven, Steinbeck brings up the issues of Japanese Americans fitting into social groups, and in East of Eden, he examines the problems of intelligent and educated Chinese-Americans in the California setting. John Steinbeck only once seriously considers the problems of Negroes in Society. Crooks, the stable boy in Of Mice and Men, was an outcast and never destine to fit into the generally white society of ranching. Not only did Steinbeck recognize the -problems of minorities and racial prejudice, he also mentioned class prejudice. The difference between the haves verses the have nots was brought up in the novel, The Grapes of Wrath, usually the people who had any financial stability hated the Okies, who had none. Owners hated the Okies because they were soft and the Okies were strong, also the store keepers hated them because the Okies had no money to spend in their stores (Bowden, 12). The Grapes of Wrath presents these issues in the form of an epic and sums up the despair of the early 1930s. The Joads experience: love, brotherhood, integrity, class fear, power, violence, and

Night Collecting Insects With a Black Light Sheet

Night Collecting Insects With a Black Light Sheet Entomologists often collect night-flying insects using a black light and sheet. The black light is suspended in front of a white sheet. Insects attracted to ultraviolet light fly toward the light, and alight on the sheet. Professional night collecting equipment often consists of a durable white sheet attached to a collapsible frame, constructed from aluminum tubes like to the frame of a camping tent. The black light is suspended from a cord running from the top of the sheet to the ground, or is mounted on a tripod on one or both sides of the sheet. For an amateur insect collector, purchasing this equipment can be expensive. You can make your own night collecting equipment to save money. While your homemade collecting equipment might take a little longer to set up, it will work just as well as equipment purchased commercially. You will need: a length of rope, long enough to span the width between two trees in your chosen collecting areaa black lightan old white sheetclothespins (optional)a power source for your light, if its not battery-operated Tie the rope so it spans between two trees, at about eye level. Make sure you tie it securely, so it will hold the weight of your sheet without drooping. Drape the white sheet over the rope, allowing 1-2 feet of the sheet to lie horizontally on the ground. Some insects prefer to land on vertical surfaces, while others like horizontal surfaces. The latter group will collect on the part of your sheet that is lying on the ground. If your sheet is not long enough, you may need to attach the sheet to the rope using clothespins to allow extra length on the ground. Black lights sold by science or entomology supply companies tend to be more rugged and last longer for outdoor use. You may be able to buy a less expensive black light from a discount or party supply store. If you dont have a black light, you can use an incandescent light, a portable fluorescent light, or even a camping lantern, and still get a good result. Suspend your black light in front of the sheet, near the top. You can tie the light from a branch using some extra rope, or run another length of rope between the trees and attach the light to it. If you use a battery-operated light, you will have more flexibility in locating your collecting sheet. A light that uses AC power may require a long extension cord. At dusk, turn your light on. Monitor the sheet periodically, checking for interesting specimens to collect or photograph. You can use forceps or an aspirator to collect moths, beetles, or other insects that land on your sheet without damaging them.

Osmium Facts - Periodic Table of the Elements

Osmium Facts - Periodic Table of the Elements Osmium is an extremely heavy silver-blue metal with atomic number 76 and element symbol Os. While most elements arent know for the way they smell, osmium emits a characteristic unpleasant smell. The element and its compounds are highly toxic. Here is a collection of osmium element facts, including its atomic data, chemical and physical properties, uses, and sources. Osmium  Basic Facts Atomic Number: 76 Symbol: Os Atomic Weight: 190.23 Discovery: Smithson Tennant 1803 (England), discovered osmium in residue remaining when crude platinum was dissolved in aqua regia Electron Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2 Word Origin: from the Greek word osme, a smell or odor Isotopes: There are seven naturally-occurring isotopes of osmium: Os-184, Os-186, Os-187, Os-188, Os-189, Os-190, and Os-192. Six additional manmade isotopes are known. Properties: Osmium has a melting point of 3045 /- 30  °C, boiling point of 5027 /- 100 °C, specific gravity of 22.57, with a valence usually 3, 4, 6, or 8, but sometimes 0, 1, 2, 5, 7. It is a lustrous blue-white metal. It is very hard and remains brittle even at high temperatures. Osmium has the lowest vapor pressure and highest melting point of the platinum group metals. Although solid osmium is unaffected by air at room temperature, the powder will give off osmium tetroxide, a strong oxidizer, highly toxic, with a characteristic odor (hence the metals name). Osmium is slightly more dense than iridium, so osmium is often credited as being the heaviest element (calculated density ~ 22.61). The calculated density for iridium, based on its space lattice, is 22.65, though the element hasnt been measured as heavier than osmium. Uses: Osmium tetroxide can be used to stain fatty tissue for microscope slides and to detect fingerprints. Osmium is used to add hardness to alloys. It is also used for fountain pen tips, instrument pivots, and electrical contacts. Sources: Osmium is found in iridomine and platinum-bearing sands, such as those found in the Americas and Urals. Osmium may also be found in nickel-bearing ores with other platinum metals. Although the metal is difficult to make, the power can be sintered in hydrogen at 2000 °C. Element Classification: Transition Metal Osmium Physical Data Density (g/cc): 22.57 Melting Point (K): 3327 Boiling Point (K): 5300 Appearance: blue-white, lustrous, hard metal Atomic Radius (pm): 135 Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 8.43 Covalent Radius (pm): 126 Ionic Radius: 69 (6e) 88 (4e) Specific Heat (20 °C J/g mol): 0.131 Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 31.7 Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 738 Pauling Negativity Number: 2.2 First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 819.8 Oxidation States: 8, 6, 4, 3, 2, 0, -2 Lattice Structure: Hexagonal Lattice Constant (Ã…): 2.740 Lattice C/A Ratio: 1.579 Return to the Periodic Table Sources Arblaster, J. W. (1989). Densities of osmium and iridium: recalculations based upon a review of the latest crystallographic data (PDF). Platinum Metals Review. 33 (1): 14–16.Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Osmium. Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. 20 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 352.Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). CRC Press. ISBN 978-1439855119.

Understanding the process of economic change in a global world Essay

Understanding the process of economic change in a global world - Essay Example When people are particularly sensitive to our vastly changing environment and they emphasize their awareness to the multifarious problems that economists are facing, we could easily deal with improving the transition third world economies together., that we use tools to control our world that are very blunt instruments. Thus, North suggested that â€Å"the only tools that we have that allow us to try to shape the world we are in, are the formal rules of the game† (p. 11). In order to illustrate the rules of the game, North narrates an anecdote when he visited Moscow together with three other Americans. They were tasked by the Soviet Academy of Scientists to go to Moscow to advise the Soviet Union on its economy. The first American said, all you have to do is privatize and all will be well. The second American said, all you have to do is eliminate government, and all will be well. The third American said, all you have to do is have the computer and all will be well. I was the fourth American and I said, don't pay attention to the first three speakers; the problems are much more complicated (p. 10-11). North presented the solution would be privatization, the â€Å"catch-all panacea† to al Russia’s ills. But North warned that â€Å"privatization without the fundamental structure of the rule of law and enforcement mechanisms to go with it does not produce desirable results† (p. 12). He mentioned that there is privatization in Latin America, but privatization in the context of government fostered monopolies produces a world that does not look at all like what you want.

Discuss the proposition that in choosing to outsource a function Essay

Discuss the proposition that in choosing to outsource a function managers commonly underestimate the potential hazards and costs - Essay Example ..........................................................................................5 Cost cutting...........................................................................................................5 Strategic advantage..............................................................................................5 Underestimated risks and hazards of outsourcing to the outsourcer................................6 Cultural ...............................................................................................................6 Regulatory ...........................................................................................................7 Informational ......................................................................................................9 Organizational ...................................................................................................11 Why and how such limitations and underestimations happen? .................................... .13 Lack of a proper procedure and framework .....................................................13 Unreal perception of the core business and competencies...............................13 Putting wrong person on the job.......................................................................14 Conclusion....................................................................................................................14 References........ ons now try to focus on their core competencies and get external service providers for their supplementary functions to gain instant access to their expertise, service levels and synergistic benefits from the partnership of the two. This has been termed as ‘outsourcing’ in the business jargon and lately assumed much of significance in business scenario (Winkler 2009:22). Caught in the dilemmatic ‘make-or-buy’ decision, organizations and more importantly the managers often underestimate the risks, possible hazards and hidden costs of their outsourcing decision. Superficially, outsourcing seems to provide cheap labour supply, external expertise, synergies in competencies and perfection of all activities but in-depth analysis of outsourcing decision and related factors reveal serious consequences related to labour enforcements, cultural asymmetries, lack of control and governance over the vendor operations, threat of information leakage and many more which have a direct bearing on the financial, organizational and social viability of the outsourcer’s business. This paper seeks to address this emerging situation with a critical knack. Commencing from an introduction and historical overview of outsourcing and reasons why managers outsource, the main body of the paper comprises major risks and potential hazards encountered in effective management of outsourcing decisions. Discussion of underestimated costs in such happenings and why they happen is also included with a checklist to better the proposition. Examples of insurance, shipping and IT industry have been inserted at appropriate places to anchor the understanding of the concept and provide a practical meaning to the underlying aspects. Historical overview of outsourcing The advent of outsourcing dates back to

UNODC and organized crimes Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

UNODC and organized crimes - Coursework Example In Afghanistan, the Taliban had a share of about US$ 155 million; drug traffickers obtained a share of about US$2.2 billion while farmers got around US$440 million (UNODC, 2011). The report also claims that the cultivation of poppy in Afghanistan surpasses the global demand leading to vast quantity of stocks. â€Å"Over the past decade, Afghanistan has risen to prominence as the primary global source of illicit opium poppy cultivation† (Wyler, 2012). Despite the fact that Afghan heroin is only trafficked to Islamic nations of Iran, Pakistan and central Asia, it eventually finds its ways to the rest of the world. Approximately 150 tons of Afghan heroin was smuggled into Europe, 120 tons to Asia and 45 tons to Africa in 2009. The fight against illicit drug trade has been an ongoing war. In 2009, law enforcement agencies seized about 76 tons of heroin around the world (UNODC, 2011). This report finding exposes vulnerable areas that should be given more attention. For instance, implementing strict border regulations and controls in places such as the Afghanistan-Pakistan border at Baluchistan province would help greatly in intercepting massive trafficking of heroin, opium as well as precursor chemicals. Another way through which the flow of opiates from Afghanistan could be reduced is through increasing monitoring and search capability so that transit containers at harbors, airports and other transit points can be put under intensive check. This is likely to improve the rate of interdiction. According to the UNODC report, building capacity and ensuring efficient information sharing between transit points and law enforcement agencies in major countries and areas of opiates destination would be crucial in rounding up the trade of illicit drugs. The cultivation of poppy in Afghanistan is strongly correlated with insecurity in the country. The report findings point out that Afghan opium poppy is mainly

Management accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 3

Management accounting - Essay Example 17), management invented modern business. Early forms of management accounting integrated both decision-making and analysis, going beyond financial and operational performance data. Chandler stated that before managerial, there was no equivalent of the modem multi-unit organization as there was nothing remotely like the divisional Wed corporation (Chandler 1977, pg.18). Chandler states that the managerial revolution invents something new which it is frequently misunderstood as the "modern business enterprise". This did nothing less than overturn the old economic world which is a world within which he tells much basic economic theory is still distressingly rooted. The new form of management was accelerated by industrial revolutions in the 19th century. After the 20th century the impending requirements by financial accounting in most organizations developed new pressures placed on the capital markets, creditors and taxation (Schaltegger et al 2006, pg. 72). Decentralization involves th e distribution of decision-making authority within the organization by offering managers at different operation levels the authority to make decisions relating to their areas of focus. In the new form of management that was developed around 1850, decentralization of organizations is a key issue in its performance. ... The first structure was the development of a management system for individual single-unit organizations, such as the factory while the second structure was the development of management for the large multi-unit organization (Chandler 1977, pg.29). The structure of the management that was developed around 1850 is in the form of an inverted tree. The board of directors in an organization is above all other levels and below the board of directors is the managing director. The managing director is in charge of the organization activities at any given time. The managing director handles upcoming issues in the organizations and makes strategic decisions. Below the managing director, there are several branches which cater for different purposes. In an ideal organization, the branches could include the purchasing department, personnel department, operations director and finance director who in the organization has a different function that it has to perform for the smooth functioning of the organization. All branches are responsible to the managing director who is in turn responsible to the board of directors. The purchasing department has several functions in the organization which include the purchasing department where it procures all necessary materials that are needed for production or daily operation of the company or organization. The purchasing department is charged with a responsibility of continuously evaluating whether it is receiving the required merchandise at the least possible price so as to maximize profitability. In most organizations, the Purchasing department ensures timely delivery of materials from its associates like the vendors, and also ensures the accounts payable department to ensure that awaiting deliveries are received in full and are

Organizational behavior Article critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Organizational behavior Article critique - Essay Example on of organizational behavior, â€Å"as the study of human behavior in organizations; a multidisciplinary field devoted to understanding individual and group behavior, interpersonal processes, and organizational dynamics† (Schermerhorn, Hunt, and Osborn 3) Azman et al underscore the value and merit of studying the influence of relationships in organizations. This essay will critique how the writers developed their methodology, approach, and some of the results of the study. The critique will weigh whether the results presented in the article substantiated their claims adding worth to the continuous growing body of work on human relationships and their affect on organizational behavior. In addition to the article’s composition, grammatical and organizational structure, it readability and comprehensibility will be examined as well. Finally by reviewing the article determining if the information documented was presented in such a way as to increase the understa nding of the complexity of human relationships in organizations. Azman et al started by stating their purpose in writing the article, outlining the objectives of the paper, and discussed their method of approach for the study. They identify three main objectives 1) examine the relationship between transformational leadership and empowerment; 2) examine the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational commitment; and 3) examine the mediating effect of empowerment in the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational commitment (92) . The objective of demonstrating the connection between healthy relationships within an organizational culture and performance remained the focal point throughout the article. The article was written in a way that each section of information built upon the previous with each section returning to the initial purpose. The traditional and non-traditional views of leadership provided the foundation for their initial

Prepare budgets and financial plans Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Prepare budgets and financial plans - Essay Example Baby monitoring devices can also be concentrated upon as parents are devoting much of their time to work. For example, the use of USB/ Flash Disks is currently on the rise. What features of the Flash Disks do they give most importance to Is it the slimness Is it about high memory There is a need to know this - Advertisements and other sales generating and improving activities require funds. It is well known that the degree of effectiveness of promotions campaign is directly related to the customer appeal of products. An inventory of prices, survey on product features and another survey of current marketing strategies of other companies can give the following data that will surely help in decision matters in the degree of intensity of sales activities. b. Policies on International Trade - there is a need to know what the government is planning with regards to the international market. Government initiative on establishing diplomatic and business relations with other countries can open up new markets. An embargo to a certain foreign market can greatly reduce opportunities for sale. An up-to-date inquiry in appropriate government offices, past government measures regarding the business environment and analysis of the current political situations can provide the necessary information needed for this field. concerns about the toxici... 3. Budget for Personnel Development a. Training - determines how well-versed a sales personnel is making a sale b. Incentives - determines how much a personnel can expect for his performance given a rewards and bonus system Competition An inventory of prices, survey on product features and another survey of current marketing strategies of other companies can give the following data that will surely help in decision matters in the degree of intensity of sales activities. 1. Product Price Comparison Table 2. Product Specifications, Features and Qualities Comparison Matrix 3. Marketing Strategy of Other Companies 4. Competitor's Market Share These data will serve as a basis of comparison for the company's own products. It can give details on how to best improve the product's customer appeal thereby increasing sales. Government Policies 1. Economic Policy Settings a. Taxation Measures - tax imposed on product sales can greatly affect the resulting net sales revenue and the selling price of the product b. Policies on International Trade - there is a need to know what the government is planning with regards to the international market. Government initiative on establishing diplomatic and business relations with other countries can open up new markets. An embargo to a certain foreign market can greatly reduce opportunities for sale. An up-to-date inquiry in appropriate government offices, past government measures regarding the business environment and analysis of the current political situations can provide the necessary information needed for this field. Environmental Policies 1. Location Restrictions -

Organizational behavior Article critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Organizational behavior Article critique - Essay Example on of organizational behavior, â€Å"as the study of human behavior in organizations; a multidisciplinary field devoted to understanding individual and group behavior, interpersonal processes, and organizational dynamics† (Schermerhorn, Hunt, and Osborn 3) Azman et al underscore the value and merit of studying the influence of relationships in organizations. This essay will critique how the writers developed their methodology, approach, and some of the results of the study. The critique will weigh whether the results presented in the article substantiated their claims adding worth to the continuous growing body of work on human relationships and their affect on organizational behavior. In addition to the article’s composition, grammatical and organizational structure, it readability and comprehensibility will be examined as well. Finally by reviewing the article determining if the information documented was presented in such a way as to increase the understa nding of the complexity of human relationships in organizations. Azman et al started by stating their purpose in writing the article, outlining the objectives of the paper, and discussed their method of approach for the study. They identify three main objectives 1) examine the relationship between transformational leadership and empowerment; 2) examine the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational commitment; and 3) examine the mediating effect of empowerment in the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational commitment (92) . The objective of demonstrating the connection between healthy relationships within an organizational culture and performance remained the focal point throughout the article. The article was written in a way that each section of information built upon the previous with each section returning to the initial purpose. The traditional and non-traditional views of leadership provided the foundation for their initial

Brazil Business Process Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Brazil Business Process - Research Paper Example The close relationship is one of the crucial success elements in doing business in Brazil. This paper explores business practices in Brazil, negotiation process and how business etiquette is influenced by the Brazilian culture. Business Practices in Brazil Personal relationships define how Brazilians do business. For someone to do business successfully in Brazil, he or she must first develop the close relationship with a Brazilian within the industry in which he or she wants to operate. The Brazilian contact will then create a link with other important people for the prosperity of the business. Brazilians strongly value family relationships. As such, many Brazilians have the tendency of working for one company. This is because Brazilians prefer to engage in business with those whom they know and trust. Therefore, one must be dedicated to allocating long-term resources, like time and money, in building strong relationships in Brazil in order to create a successful business. Also, in m any cities in Brazil, work begins at 8:30 am and runs up to 5:00 pm. In between, there is usually an hour or two for lunch break. Businesses usually open at 9:00 am to 7:00 pm from Monday to Friday. On Saturday, businesses open at 9:00 am and close at 1:00 pm. However, giant business enterprises may remain open for relatively long hours. In most cases, it is crucial to plan business arrangements two or three weeks prior and authenticate the appointments before and on arrival in Brazil. When scheduling time for the appointments, it is usually advisable to have time allowance between the appointments in case they last longer than expected. Brazilians embrace socializing and passing time with one another. This usually happens during mid-morning tea or coffee breaks and lunch periods. Coffee is usually served before or as meetings progress. Brazilians are usually concerned about dressing, which demands that a person must dress smartly and in a conservative manner (Lee 319). In many case s, Brazilian companies tend to have tall organizational structures. Top executives of the companies make most organizational decisions. Top managerial positions tend to be male-dominated. However, women are currently gaining access to executive roles in some companies. Brazilian business is also influenced by class differences, which is prevalent in both Brazilian societal and business cultures. Economic status and salaries paid to individuals determine the class to which an individual belongs. There are legislations against discrimination and existing class differences in business are faint. Negotiation Process Attitudes and Styles Relationships form a crucial part of negotiation processes in Brazil. Brazilians frequently use distributive as well as contingency bargaining. The buyer is usually perceived to be in a superior position in the negotiation, but both parties (buyer and seller) have the duty to reach a consensus. The main focus is usually on commitments of business partner s and long-term benefits (Jain 420). Competitive negotiation style is a common characteristic of Brazilian negotiations and Brazilians are often insistent negotiators. Proposals should reflect benefits to both parties to a negotiation and none of the negotiating members should manifest intent to win over the other in a negative approach.

Human Resources In US Healthcare

Human Resources In US Healthcare The healthcare industry is the largest employer in the United States, in 2002; this industry consisted of 518,000 organizations that employed 12.9 million individuals (Fallon McConnell, 2007). The healthcare sector employs 10.9% of all employment in the United States and has a 16% new job growth. The reason behind this growth is primarily due to two factors: increased in the use of technology and the continued aging of the population (McConnell, 2006). Large numbers of individuals are needed to provide, record, and bill for the services provided to the patients. Human resources are the backbone of the health organization because they address the need to ensure that each department is staffed with qualified and motivated personnel (Hernandez, 2009). In strategic human resources planning, the human resources department is an important member of the healthcare industry. The HR department is involved in a number of activates that together comprise of four major activity groupings: hirin g of employees, maintaining employees, retaining employees, and separating employees. To most people the human resources department is viewed as more administrative than advisory and as an enforcer of policies than the actual policy makers. Basically, people consider this department as where you go to get hired or to file your personal papers. There are times when other departments may look upon the human resources department negatively and this is due to the fact that other departments may not know the rules and regulations that HR must follow for example: a department manager may have a key position that has been vacant for a few weeks and because of the vacancy the other employees in the department has to work mandatory overtime (Bohlander, Snell, Reviews, 2009) An ideal candidate has been interviewed by the HR department and is then referred to the manager for another interview, the manager then tell HR that this is the exact person they are looking for and they would like this person to start in their department as soon as tomorrow, however, because of the proto cols that HR must follow they are not able to hire this person before a background check, references and a drug test has been done. The manager of the department may then complain to their senior manger that HR is taking their time or is unwilling to cooperate (Bohlander, Snell, Reviews, 2009). There are many departments within the healthcare field, from different types of physicians, nurses, administration and technicians. In hospitals the human resources has a part in hiring all of these people, in private facilities that is owned by one or two physicians the HR department will in most cases hirer everyone except the physicians. Physicians are some of the most important people that work in a hospital; they are traditionally the focus of the health care industry. The reason is because they are the people who primarily evaluate and diagnose patients conditions and prescribe treatment. When it comes to the hiring of a physician, it must be determine that their services will be an asset to the hospital because of their salary related costs. When there is a need for the hiring of a physician, the HR department must make sure he/she is competent, a background check must be preformed and they must make sure they are licensed to practice in the state where they are practicing. Ph ysicians must complete internship/residency which is a form of paid on the job training and this is usually done at a hospital. Nurses work closing with physicians because they provide the primary care to the patients in both hospital and clinic settings. The duties of nurses differ depending on the type of setting in which they are working. The different settings that nurses work in are: Hospitals Nursing homes Private practice Ambulatory center centers Managed care organization Worksites Government and private agencies Clinics Schools Retirement communities Rehabilitation centers Nurses are increasingly being employed by outpatient centers and home healthcare organizations because of the trends toward discharging patients from hospitals faster and performing many procedures in outpatient settings (Wolper, 2004). When a nurse is hired the human resources department must make sure that the nurse is licensed to practice. A nurses licensure is achieved by graduating from an accredited nursing school and completing a national exam. A physician that does not have a MD or a DO degree are non-physician practitioners, they provide health services in areas similar to those of a physicians. In 47 states and the District of Columbia, they can prescribe medication (Wolper, 2004). Human resources may be recognizable as 5 different models, these are: clerical, counseling, industrial relations, control and consulting model. Under clerical model, human resources perform the following duties: processor, file paper, keep records, and track various statistics and key dates and administrator of employee benefits plans. Under this model, the top manager of this department is most likely to be experiences as a benefits administrator or have a similar practitioner orientation. The counseling model is relatively common in hospitals because the total cost of employees represents a large portion of the budge and there is an emphasis on maintaining employees as effective productions. Under this model HR is likely to: function as an advocate for employees, place high priority on preserving privacy and confidentiality, actively stress training and development and function as a resource to managers for people problems, disputes, and disciplinary issues. The industrial relation s model develops in organizations in which the work force is unionized, and there are periodic contract negotiations and considerable activity having to do with grievances and arbitrations. HR functions specified by contract are performed automatically and as expected, with little room for flexibility or judgment in their performance. The control model observed in very few organizations offers the HR department substantial power, under this model little management action is taken without the clearance of HR; the HR department is current and knowledgeable concerning all legal requirements and the HR executive will be a key member of the organizations administrative team. The consulting model is usually found in larger organizations, under this model the HR practitioners are usually expert resources, relied upon by employees, department managers, and executive management according to need. There are alternative models such as managerial model and financial model, under the managerial model the HR has no particular strategic outlook or long range planning involvement. A HR function operating under the financial model displays maximum attention to HR costs, in particular, indirect compensation costs such as health and dental insurance, life insurance, retirement plans, paid time off, and other benefits. The human resources department of any healthcare entity must protect and encourage the quality of the patients relationship with the healthcare entity, but it also must protect and encourage the quality of the employees relationship with the healthcare entity. The employees of the healthcare industry must provide compassion and they should consider care but their job satisfaction is important. The major managerial function surrounding human resources are: Strategic Planning Recruitment and Selection Retention Compensation and Benefits Performance Evaluation Training and Education Legal and Regulatory Issues Strategic planning is the process of matching the human resources of an business with its goals and objectives. In strategic HR planning, the human resources department is an important member of the executive committee. Recruitment and selection allow hiring of the best candidate with the needed skills. When recruiting people for a new position, it is important to recruit internally as well as externally, because a member of the current staff may be appropriate for the position. It is important that new recruits fit into the organizational culture but it is also critical to assess the organizational culture to ensure that it is not a source of retention problems. For example: doctors lack of respect for nurses in some organizations has created a retention problem for nurses. The process of recruitment, selection, and training is intensive and expensive, in both actual cost and opportunity costs. High compensation is a factor that will enhance retention of workers, benefits is also im portant in retention. Performance evaluation is a way to define the level of competence of an employee as measured against a certain standard level of skills and knowledge. To encourage the practice of performance evaluation, many health care organizations, especially integrated health care systems are implementing, pay for performance, compensation plans. Pay for performance can be based on individual, tem, organization goals. Human Resources not only have to deal with many challenges such as training and education mandates, health care organizations must be knowledgeable of the legal and regulatory issues related to the HR department in general. This is especially when it deals with safety in the workplace and union regulations, because of the potential for exposure to blood borne pathogens and radiological substance. Health care organization must have appropriate safety measures in place to protect their employee against injury, as well as appropriate training to facilitate the use of these safety measures. Another challenge in HR is planning is very important in the HR department; by planning correctly (McConnell, 2006). HR can avoid having a surplus or a shortage. If HR has hired too many employees for the health care faculty then there would be a surplus but it do not hire enough then there would be a shortage. The health care organization is very diverse, diversity means a wider range of people bring ing a greater variety of approaches to work, ideas, lifestyles issues and many other things. Human resource policies must address these differences in order to attract, retain, and maximize the contributions of all members of the changing workforce. Human resource planning in the 21st century is a much more comprehensive set of analyses and examinations to ensure that the HR department function optimally contributes to the organizations overall business success. Human resources function is striving toward creating stronger business partnerships within the organization, the need for thorough and accurate HR planning is likely to be unique to each organization. There are laws that affect different aspects of employment relationship, the human resources department must be aware of these pieces of legislation. A significant legislation was the Civil Rights Act of 1964; this legislation marked the beginning of significant changes in relations between the government and business in the United States (McConnell, 2006). Before the Civil Rights Act, businesses were free to treat their employees essentially as they chose, there were only two exceptions: wage and hour laws and labor relations laws. Prior to 1964, the only laws that had not iceable impact on the employment relationship were the Fair Labor Standards Act and related state laws, and the National Labor Relations Act. Employees payment of wages and other related conditions of employment were governed under the Fair Labor Standards Act (McConnell, 2006). The relationship between work organizations and labor unions were governed under the National Labor Relations Act. The Social Security Act provided low income elderly people with social insurance. In 1937 this act was expanded to provide benefits to survivors of covered workers who became permanently disabled. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) went into effect on July 1st, 1997; this law ensures that most persons who change jobs will receive continuous health insurance without regard to many preexisting health conditions (McConnell, 2006). Organization need to consider a variety of issues when analyzing the impact of HIPAA on their organization. Some issues that may impact their organization are: HIPAA is about improving the efficiency and cost effectiveness of the healthcare system. Limited resources, both in terms of dollars, staffing, and time Convergence of e-health strategies and HIPAA objectives, which are clearly connect in the areas of standardization and technical security measures. Constraining effects of legacy systems within industry, which add to cost of compliance as well as ongoing dependency on vendors. There will be a profound impact on overall healthcare industry electronic communications and transactions HIPAA have pave the way for increasingly sophisticated e-health and other healthcare e-commerce and communications applications as well as for new uses of evolving technologies, such as hand held devices and wireless access (Fallon, McConnell, 2007). There are a few healthcare industry forecasts that will directly impact job analysis. In healthcare technology is ever and quickly changing and such technology makes new procedures and treatment possible. These new treatments and procedures provide a solution that meets medical needs for a number of patients, which leads to an increasing survival rate and the rising life expectancy of the nation as a whole. It is believed that over the next 15 years, there will be a shortage of physicians in the United States. We may also see a similar trend in the supply of nurses. With the demand for quality healthcare increasing by an aging population demanding more health care service, the nursing shortage will be an important strategic human resource issue in the health care industry (Shi, 2007). Job analysis will play an important role. Since the healthcare industry is forever changing, the idea of strategic job analysis surely will become a major focus on healthcare organizations. Strategic jo b analysis is the identification and specification of future jobs takes and responsibilities and the knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to perform those jobs that currently do not currently exist but are anticipated to be needed in the future. There should be also be anticipation of the future changes in terms of laws and regulations, employee demographics, profession shortages, technology, information, technology, and other possible changes (Shi, 2007). It is important for human resources to know which jobs and associated tasks will be needed in the future, along with identifying the knowledge, skills, abilities, and other requirements needed to perform such jobs, will be a potential advantage for health care organization desiring to effectively compete in the future.

Post-traumatic stress disorder in Kuwait :: Post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD

REPAIRING A NATION POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER IN KUWAIT THESIS: Studies made by experts found after the liberation of Kuwait following the Gulf War of 1991 that most children who were inside the country experienced undesirable emotions simultaneously which brought out more abnormal behaviors. INTRODUCTION In the oppressively hot summer of 1990 the second of August to be exact, people were sleeping peacefully in their homes. It was a Thursday morning and most Kuwaitis had left the country on holiday. No one ever suspected or believed that a neighboring country of the same religion would invade such a small innocent country. Most of the Kuwaiti citizens who were inside the country or outside were in shock. This Iraqi occupation that Kuwait suffered for seven months was dramatically experienced by both adults and children. They were exposed to such brutal atrocities as executing anyone who had a typewriter or a camera so that no one in the outside world would know how indecently they were treating a neighboring country. Plus any interference in Sadaam's military actions resulted in hundreds of patriots who fought bravely for the freedom of their country. The Iraqi soldiers tried to terrorize the Kuwaiti people by subjecting them to different types of torture techniques like raping virgin females and mothers in front of their children. Rape was practiced not only on females but young males too. Many Kuwaiti civilian men, women and children were taken from their homes and never returned to their families. There are still 625 Kuwaiti hostages in Iraq. This number means much to a small community where every family is related to a POW. The people who suffered less are those who lost their homes, money and other valuables. All those terrors of war have now caused what is called Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) (Second International Conference, Mental Health in the State of Kuwait). People suffered from this brutal and fateful period when the country was under occupation, either by being forced to start over from scratch or by working in a new job, building a new house. Many people fell into poverty. Also the thought that their country no longer existed during the invasion had a very difficult mental effect on the people. They could not believe the reality that their country was being occupied. This idea was especially traumatic for older people. The behaviors and emotions of Kuwaitis under such war-like circumstances are not new to psychology.

The Absurdity of Man Essay -- essays research papers

Absurdity is defined as that which is contrary to reason; clearly untrue, unreasonable or ridiculous. It is often a topic in existentialist writings relating to life. This subject is prevalent in Camus’ â€Å"The Stranger† and â€Å"The Myth of Sisyphus.† Camus depicts absurdity bringing about happiness or indifference in each of these literary works. In â€Å"The Myth of Sisyphus,† it is made clear that Sisyphus is aware that his existence is absurd. He is sentenced to an eternity of rolling a boulder up a steep mountain only to let it roll back down when it reaches its peak. His tragedy lies in the fact that he is conscious of the extent of his own misery. What makes his struggle very absurd is that he knows that there is no death at the end of it. The last sentence in this essay is in itself absurd, after describing the dilemma that Sisyphus eternally faces, Camus exclaims, â€Å"One must imagine Sisyphus happy.† This paradox is upheld because S isyphus is left refusing to recognize that there is nothing to hope for, and that he must live solely with what is known. Sisyphus’ redemption is seen in his ongoing struggle against the absurd. In â€Å"The Stranger†, Meursault does not realize his absurd situation until the end of the novel. It is illustrated, however, in his indifference toward life and lack of emotion throughout. In the beginning of the novel, Meursault is seen as a detached observer of life who is devoted to appreciating sensation. His physical wants and needs overpower his reason and...

Journey Assignment

|[pic] | | | | | | |Mater Dei Catholic College | | |ASSESSMENT TASK | | | | | |Preliminary English Standard | | |Area of Study Portfolio | |Date Issued: Wk 6 |Date Due: Friday 5. 4. 13 8:45am Wednesday Outside Staff Centre | | |Listening: Lesson 1 Friday 5. 4. 3 In-Class | |Assignment Weighting: 25% | |Components: 15% Listening and 10% Portfolio | |Outcomes Being Assessed: | | | |2. A student explains relationships among texts. | |3. A student develops language relevant to the study of English. | |4. A student explains and analyses the ways in which language forms and features, and structures of texts shape meaning and influence responses. | |7.A student adapts and synthesises a range of textual features to explore and communicate information, ideas and values for a variety of purposes, | |audiences and contexts. | |Context of the task: In the Area of Study, students explore and examine relationships between language and text, and interrelationships among texts. They | |exa mine closely the individual qualities of texts while considering the texts’ relationships to the wider context of the Area of Study: Journeys. | |Outline of Task: | | | |Part A:Portfolio | |In your area of study you have been focusing on the concept of Journeys. You are to collect, analyse and present TWO sources which relate to ideas of | |Journeys that have been explored in and are relevant to Raw or Away. Your chosen texts should be sourced from two different mediums. | | | |Presentation: | |Your analysis will be presented on the proforma provided to you by your English teacher and you are not to exceed the total space provided. | |You must use different examples from your set text in each analysis. | | | | | | |Part B: Listening Task | |You will listen to an aural text in class which will have an aspect of Journeys as its focus. You will be required to analyse the extract aurally and | |comment on how meaning is conveyed in this text type and its relationship to J ourneys. You will need to be familiar with a range of Journeys concept ideas | |and thesis statements. You will require your laptop and a set of ear buds/phones for the lesson.Obviously your laptop will be charged! | | | |Marking Criteria: | | | |Marks | |Criteria | | | |13-15 | |Skilfully identifies the concept of Journeys in the text. |Demonstrates detailed understanding of how selected text/set text explores the concept of Journeys | |Presents a perceptive analysis of the set and chosen text | |Uses language which is appropriate, sustained, sophisticated and suitable to audience, purpose and form | | | |10-12 | |Clearly identifies the concept of Journeys in the text. |Demonstrates effective understanding of how selected text/set text explores the concept of Journeys | |Effectively analyses the set and chosen text | |Uses language effectively which is appropriate and suitable to audience, purpose and form | | | |7-9 | |Identifies the concept of Journeys in the text. | |Demonstrates satisfactory understanding of how selected text/set text explores the concept of Journeys | |Attempts to explain ideas in the set and chosen text/describes the texts. |Uses language which is appropriate and suitable to audience, purpose and form | | | |4-6 | |Describes Journeys in the text. | |Demonstrates limited understanding of how selected text/ set text explores concepts of Journeys | |Attempts to describe the selected text and chosen text | |Uses simple language suitable to audience, purpose and form | | | |1-3 | |Demonstrates elementary understanding of Journeys in selected text/ set text |Recount of the texts/ brief response | |Uses simplistic language which is not always suitable to audience, purpose and form | | | | | |Areas of proficiency: | | | | | | | | | |Areas for development: | | | | | | | Journeys: Additional texts summary sheet Title: Refugee Blues Text Type: Poem Composer: WH Auden Published: 1939 Audience: English teacher Outline the text in terms of its broad relationship to the concept of Journeys. This poem explores the concept of journey through sadness and the hardships that are experienced of being a Jew in the wrong place at the wrong time.This couple has lost everything except each other so there is hope for them The couple are determined to find a sense of place and acceptance after locating to a new destination Identify two Journeys thesis statements which are relevant to both your set text and this chosen text. (Use point form) †¢ A journey can involve the search for identity †¢ Journey can often contain obstacles to be met and over come Explain (with reference to technique, relevant eg’s and effect) how each thesis statement is explored in Raw/Away. (2xWHEELS) WH Auden articulates how journeys can often contain obstacles to be met and overcome in his poem Refugee Blues. Auden conveys a disillusioned tone through his use of anaphora.During the time of the war, it is expressed that so me civilians were treated as outcasts. This is evident in the first paragraph where he writes ‘Say this city has ten million souls†¦yet there’s no place for us, my dear, yet there’s no place for us. ’ This is further reiterated in the repetition of the phrase ‘we cannot go there now, my dear, we cannot go there now’. The use of anaphora establishes for the reader the belief that the two refugees in this poem have to overcome the obstacle of exclusion as they are not accepted by anyone in the country. The use of repetition in the statement ‘yet there’s no place for us’ and ‘we cannot go there now’ evokes empathy in the audience more so that it would have been without repetition.The reader also feels sympathetic and concerned for the couple with the quote ‘my dear’ and we realize that the two have strong feelings for each other. This is a good thing because they are able to comfort each other. T hrough the use of anaphora Auden was able to highlight about how journeys can often contain obstacles to be met and overcome in his poem Refugee Blues. The concept of journey can involve a search for identity and this is explored in WH Auden’s poem Refugee Blues. Auden portrays logic of despondent tone through his use of structural devices and figurative language. This is seen in the sentence ‘.. some are living in mansions, some are living in holes:.. ’ and â€Å"if you’ve got no passport you’re officially dead†.The use of juxtaposition and metaphor creates the reader to feel empathy for the refugees and because the poem begins by introducing a city with 10 million people in it, some have the luxury of living in mansions; and this is contrasted with the rest who are living in most disgusting conditions ‘holes’. It’s suggesting that the couple are the lowest of low because there is not even a ‘hole’ for them a nd they are below the poverty line. WH Auden takes a single main theme and makes variations on it, leading to a particularly powerful finale. The theme of this poem is the abuse of human rights experienced not only by German Jews but by other Jews and by refugees anywhere.Through the use of structural devices and figurative language Auden was successfully able to portray the quest for identity in his poem Refugee Blues. Scott Monk represents the idea of journey involving a search for identity in his novel Raw. Monk highlights a sense of regretful tone through his use of characterisation of Brett Dalton. This is shown in the quotes â€Å"she’s got nothing to do with this! It’s my fault! I’m the one to blame! † and â€Å"He [Brett] felt like he had let him [Sam] down. No one had put up with more from him. He’d been patient so many times. Forgiven him. Let him back to The Farm when he’d run away. He’d always been there regardless of the trouble Brett had caused an all he’d got in return was grief. The use of characterisation establishes the way that Brett has accepted that he was responsible for everything that has happened between him and Caitlin and him and Sam. This shows a lot of maturity from Brett because he is the one taking the guilt. The second quote used demonstrates the influence Sam had over Brett. The fact that Brett feels guilty is significant and demonstrates what he has learnt and how he has been changed because of the institution. Through the use of characterisation Monk was successful on depicting the notion of journey involving a search for identity. Explain (with reference to technique, relevant eg’s and effect) how each thesis statement is explored in your chosen text. (2xWHEELS)

A Letter from Birmingham Jail

Reflection of â€Å"A Letter from Birmingham Jail† by Martin Luther Kingjr. For our honors portfolio this quarter we were required to read three documents. We, then, were quizzed over each of the readings. First, we read â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham Jail† by Martin Luther King, Jr. , then, we read the transcript of President John F. Kennedys inaugural address, and last but not least, we read â€Å"Millennial Makeover† by Morley Winograd and Michael Hals.Furthermore, we had to read and analyze the documents because the quizzes required us to think deeper than the written words on the paper. I believe these documents are critical because they have shaped the government and our society today. My favorite of these three documents, if I had to pick. would be â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham Jail†, not only because I admire Martin Luther King Jr. , but also because this letter Is a very powerful and Inspiring piece of work.Luther wrote while being confined in a jail in Birmingham, Alabama, for participating in civil rights demonstrations. His letter states that he will continue resisting nonviolently against racial discrimination and pleads the readers to see segregation from a different point f view. Moreover, I noticed that he quoted many people including Apostle Paul, St. Augustine, Reinhold Niebuhr and many others. This made me realize that he most likely had the quotations memorized since he didn't have access to those sources while imprisoned.He mentions that â€Å"injustice anywhere is a threat to Justice everywhere† and that â€Å"an unjust law is no law at all† (Luther). This means that an unjust law causes harm; for example, If it Is lawful to torture a certain group of people, then that is not a law whatsoever. This idea of injustice affects many directly, ut also affects everyone else indirectly in the fact that prejudice is occurring around them. Furthermore, his words describe in detail what segregation was Ilke and what people like him had to go through.This impacted me because now, the idea of racial discrimination is completely frowned upon, while in the 1900's it was something that seemed right and normal. It took years of hard work, bloody massacres. and non-stop action to obtain equality and I hate to see that a little bit of racism still exists today. The idea that immigrants are taking away Jobs and opportunities that should be for U. S. citizens. surprises me because this country was founded and created by immigrants.Instead of seeing different countries and different people in one world, we should see the whole world as one, because every human being, no matter what race. has his/her own rights and should have the same opportunities that his neighbor does. Luther is one of the most charismatic and persuasive people in history and has not only inspired many, but also revolutionized a country's view. He wrote this letter hoping to stir up some emotion and I think he got his point a cross in very non-violent and mature kind of way that was unexpected and at the same time, admirable.His stance ofa nonviolent action and the desperate cry for an end to social discrimination is as powerful now as It was 50 years ago. We now stand by these liberal values and believe the God has made us all equal and has given us n r gnts tnat no law can take away. A tnougn tnls was not an easy project, I certainly did learn something from it and it inspired me to stand up for my beliefs, but also, in a way, allowed me to see that anything is possible through hard work.